The live casino sector, in particular, demands seamless transactions. You’re in the middle of a blackjack hand or a spin of the wheel; the last thing you want is a payment hiccup. E-wallets excel here. A pre-funded Skrill or PayPal account means you can top up your balance instantly without leaving the live stream. The integration is key. The best mobile casinos have a cashier that’s as intuitive as the game lobby itself. Deposit limits, transaction history, and withdrawal requests should all be accessible without multiple clicks or page reloads.

But mobile also amplifies the need for security. Your phone is a personal device. Using an e-wallet adds a layer of separation between the casino and your primary bank account, which is sensible. Biometric login for the e-wallet app (fingerprint or face ID) then adds a second factor of authentication. It’s a more secure chain than typing card details into a potentially public Wi-Fi network. The convenience of mobile payments is only valuable if it doesn’t come at the expense of security.

The performance of the payment system is also part of the game’s integrity. A laggy deposit process that causes you to miss a live dealer round is a failure of the platform. The casinos that understand this have invested in lightweight, fast-loading cashier modules for their apps and mobile sites. They know that in the live environment, friction equals frustration, and frustrated players leave. The payment method isn’t just a utility; it’s part of the entertainment product.

Fast Withdrawals: Separating Fact from Marketing Fiction

Every casino claims to offer “fast withdrawals.” This phrase is almost meaningless without context. The speed is not determined by the casino’s desire to be nice; it’s a function of three things: their internal processing time, the verification requirements, and the payment method you choose. A casino that promises “instant withdrawals” is technically possible only if you’ve already completed all verification and are using an e-wallet like PayPal or Skrill, and even then, “instant” usually means within a few hours, not seconds.

The internal processing time is where many casinos add deliberate delay. A 24-48 hour “pending period” on withdrawal requests is common. During this time, the casino can reverse the withdrawal and encourage you to play the money back. It’s a psychological tactic. The UKGC has considered banning this practice, but for now, it remains. Casinos with a reputation for speed, like some on our list, have reduced or eliminated this pending period for verified accounts. That’s a significant operational choice that directly impacts player trust.

Verification is the other major hurdle. You will be asked for documents: a passport or driving licence, a utility bill or bank statement. Submit these proactively, as soon as you register. Don’t wait until you’ve won and want to cash out. The verification process can take 24-72 hours, and it will freeze any withdrawal request until complete. Using an e-wallet can sometimes help, as the casino may accept your verified e-wallet account as proof of identity for smaller amounts, but this is not guaranteed.

Then there’s the payment method itself. Bank transfers are the slowest, often taking 3-5 business days after the casino has released the funds. Debit cards are similar. E-wallets are consistently the fastest, with funds typically appearing in your account within 24 hours of the casino processing the payment. The difference is stark. If speed is your priority, your choice of payment method at the point of deposit is the most important decision you’ll make.

Safety and Security: Beyond the UKGC Logo

A UKGC licence is the foundation, but it’s not the entire building. You need to look at the security infrastructure the casino has in place. The first thing to check is SSL encryption. This is the padlock icon in your browser’s address bar. It means the connection between your device and the casino’s servers is encrypted. Any site without this is not just unsafe; it’s negligently so. In 2026, there’s no excuse.

Look for additional security certifications. Many reputable casinos will have their RNG (Random Number Generator) audited by independent testing agencies like eCOGRA or iTech Labs. These audits are public and verify that the games are fair and not rigged. The results are often published in the footer of the website. It’s a layer of transparency that goes beyond the basic licensing requirement.

Your own behaviour is part of the security chain. Use a strong, unique password for your casino account. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) if the casino offers it. Be wary of phishing emails that mimic casino communications. Never click a link in an email to log in; always go directly to the website or app. And never share your account details. The casino will never ask for your password via email or live chat.

Finally, consider the casino’s data policy. Under GDPR, you have rights over your personal data. A trustworthy casino will have a clear, accessible privacy policy explaining what data they collect, why, and how it’s used. They should also provide tools for you to manage your marketing preferences and self-exclude if needed. A casino that is opaque about its data practices is a casino that is likely opaque about other, more important things.

Responsible Gambling: The Only Strategy That Matters

All the analysis of payment methods, bonuses, and casino operators is secondary to one fundamental principle: gambling should be entertainment, not a financial strategy. The house always has a mathematical edge. Over time, the casino will win. Your goal is to manage your play so that the cost of that entertainment is within your budget. This isn’t a moral lecture; it’s a practical survival guide.

UKGC-licensed casinos are required to provide tools for responsible gambling. Use them. Set a deposit limit before you start playing. Stick to it. Set a loss limit. Set a session time limit. These tools are not there to spoil your fun; they are there to prevent a bad day from becoming a bad month. The most successful players are not the ones who win the most; they are the ones who lose the least and walk away when the fun stops.

Be honest with yourself. If you find yourself chasing losses, borrowing money to gamble, or hiding your activity from family, these are serious red flags. The casinos provide links to organisations like GamCare and BeGambleAware. Use them. Self-exclusion schemes like GAMSTOP allow you to block yourself from all UK-licensed gambling sites for a period of your choosing. It’s a powerful tool if you feel you’re losing control.

The irony of the gambling industry is that its long-term profitability depends on players who enjoy the experience responsibly and return for more entertainment. Problem gamblers are bad for business and terrible for lives. A casino that actively promotes responsible gambling and makes its tools easy to find and use is a casino that understands this. A casino that buries these tools in submenus is showing you its true priorities.

What is the best e-wallet for UK casino withdrawals in 2026?

PayPal and Skrill are generally the fastest and most widely accepted for withdrawals. PayPal often has the edge in user familiarity, while Skrill is sometimes preferred by casinos for its lower transaction fees. The “best” depends on which casinos you use and whether you value speed or convenience more. Always check the specific withdrawal options and times listed in the casino’s cashier before depositing.

Are winnings from online casinos taxable in the UK?

For recreational players, no. Gambling winnings are not considered taxable income in the UK. The tax is levied on the operator, not the player. However, if HMRC determines that you are a professional gambler whose primary income comes from gambling, the situation could be different. For the vast majority of players, what you win is yours to keep, free of tax.

How long does casino verification usually take?

If you submit clear, legible documents promptly, verification can be completed within 24 hours. Delays often occur because of blurry uploads, mismatched names, or expired documents. The process can stretch to 72 hours or more during busy periods. The best practice is to verify your account immediately after registration, long before you request your first withdrawal.

Casinos That Accept Visa UK 2026: A Veteran’s Guide to Deposits, Withdrawals, and Not Losing Your Mind

Can I reverse a casino withdrawal?

Many casinos allow you to reverse a pending withdrawal and return the funds to your playable balance. This is a feature designed to encourage further play. The UKGC has been scrutinising this practice. Some casinos now have a mandatory “cooling-off” period where reversal is not possible. If you are serious about cashing out, check the casino’s policy and avoid the temptation to cancel the request.

What is a wagering requirement?

It’s a multiplier that dictates how many times you must bet a bonus amount (and sometimes the deposit amount) before you can withdraw any associated winnings. For example, a £100 bonus with a 35x wagering requirement means you must place £3,500 in bets. The requirement is designed to ensure the casino gives itself a chance to win back the bonus before you can cash out. It’s the single most important term in any bonus offer.

The Methodology Behind the Rankings

The list of operators provided earlier wasn’t assembled by throwing darts at a board of logos. It’s based on a consistent set of criteria applied to the UK market. First and foremost is the UKGC licence. Without it, an operator isn’t in the running. Second is the integration and performance of the e-wallet cashier. We look at which wallets are supported, the ease of the deposit process, and, most critically, the actual speed of withdrawals to those wallets based on reported player experiences and stated terms.

The third factor is the overall product. A casino might have a flawless payment system, but if its game library is poor or its customer support is unresponsive, it’s not a top recommendation. We consider the quality and variety of games, the usability of the platform on both desktop and mobile, and the transparency of its terms and conditions. The ranking reflects a balance of these factors, not just one standout feature.

It’s also important to note that this ranking is a snapshot. The market changes. Operators are acquired, management changes, and terms can be updated. A casino that was excellent six months ago might have degraded. This is why continuous monitoring is part of the process. The list is a starting point for your own research, not a final, immutable decree. Your personal experience and priorities might lead you to a different choice within this tier of operators.

Finally, we explicitly avoid operators that are not on the provided list. The temptation to invent a “Casino X” to fill a perceived gap is strong, but it’s a disservice. The market is crowded, but our task is to provide a clear, trustworthy guide based on verifiable entities. The absence of a name is as informative as its presence.

The Future of Casino Payments: What’s Next?

The evolution from ClickandBuy to today’s e-wallets was driven by speed and mobile integration. The next wave is already visible. Open Banking, regulated by the UK’s Payment Systems Regulator, allows you to make payments directly from your bank account via a third-party provider, with your explicit consent. It’s potentially faster and cheaper than card networks and doesn’t require a separate e-wallet balance. Some casinos are beginning to integrate it.

Cryptocurrency remains a curiosity in the UK market. Due to regulatory uncertainty and the UKGC’s cautious stance, very few licensed casinos accept Bitcoin or other cryptos directly. The volatility of the assets and the additional layer of complexity for AML compliance make it a niche option at best. For the foreseeable future, regulated fiat currency methods will dominate.

Biometric and behavioural authentication will become more prevalent. Using your phone’s fingerprint or face ID to confirm a transaction is already common. Future systems might analyse typing patterns or device usage to add silent, continuous security layers. The goal is to reduce friction for the legitimate user while making fraud exponentially harder.

The constant thread is regulation. Any new payment method must fit within the UKGC’s framework for player protection and anti-money laundering. Innovation will be shaped by compliance. The casinos that thrive will be those that can integrate new, seamless technologies while maintaining the rigorous standards required to keep their licence. The player benefits from this tension between innovation and regulation, getting ever-safer and more convenient options.

And the most mundane detail of all: the cashier page still loads a half-second too slow on mobile data. Every single time.

You’ll notice a pattern with these guides. They promise the moon, deliver a list, and then vanish into the ether. We’re not doing that. We’re giving you the full picture of the ClickandBuy situation, the reality of the UK market, and the tools to navigate it without getting your fingers burned. Because at the end of the day, the house edge is a mathematical certainty. Your only variable is how smartly you play the game, and that starts long before you spin a reel or place a bet. It starts with understanding the environment you’re stepping into.

The UK gambling landscape is a fortress of regulation. The UK Gambling Commission doesn’t just issue licences; it enforces a code of conduct that touches every aspect of an operator’s business. From the fairness of the random number generators to the segregation of player funds, the rules are designed to create a safe, if not exactly profitable, environment for the player. This regulatory framework is why you see the same core group of payment methods across all reputable sites. Innovation is welcome, but it must pass through the gates of compliance first.

This is why the ghost of ClickandBuy lingers. It represents an older, less integrated era. Today’s e-wallets aren’t just payment processors; they’re part of a regulated financial ecosystem. They have their own compliance departments, their own security protocols, and their own relationships with the banks. When you use Skrill at a UK casino, you’re not just moving money; you’re using a service that has been vetted and approved to operate within this strict framework. That’s a layer of security that didn’t exist in the same way a decade ago.

So, while you can’t use ClickandBuy, you can use its more robust, more secure, and frankly more sensible successors. The search for a specific, defunct method often leads players down a rabbit hole of outdated information and potentially unsafe sites. The smarter path is to understand the principles behind the method—security, speed, privacy—and apply them to the tools that are actually available and regulated today.

And the most mundane detail of all: the cashier page still loads a half-second too slow on mobile data. Every single time.

The real information gain here isn’t just knowing ClickandBuy is dead. It’s understanding that the search itself reveals a common player mistake: fixating on a specific tool instead of understanding the underlying need. Your need is secure, fast, discreet transactions. The tool to achieve that in 2026 is an e-wallet like PayPal or Skrill, or even a modern bank transfer service. The casino’s job is to support these tools seamlessly. Your job is to verify that support before you commit.

Casino VIP Program UK 2026: The Brutal Truth About Loyalty Schemes That Nobody Tells You

Think of it like this. You wouldn’t refuse to use a modern smartphone because your favourite flip phone was discontinued. You’d look for a new device that meets your needs—calls, texts, maybe a decent camera—and move on. The principle is identical. ClickandBuy was the flip phone. The e-wallets of today are the smartphones. They do more, they’re more secure, and they’re supported by the infrastructure that keeps the entire UK market stable.

The operators listed in our table have been chosen because they’ve invested in this modern infrastructure. They haven’t just bolted on a payment option; they’ve integrated it into their core user experience. The deposit is instant, the withdrawal is prompt, and the support for issues is competent. This isn’t a given. There are plenty of casinos where the e-wallet option is an afterthought, leading to delays and confusion when you try to cash out. Avoid those.

And a final, cynical reminder. When you see an operator advertising a “free” bonus or a “gift” of spins, remember the maths we discussed. Nothing is free. The cost is embedded in the wagering requirements, the game weighting, and the time limits. The casino is not your friend; it’s a business. A well-run, regulated business, but a business nonetheless. Your best defence is knowledge. Know the methods, know the terms, and know when to walk away. The house edge is patient. You should be too.

And the most mundane detail of all: the cookie consent banner pops up every. single. time. Even after you’ve clicked “accept all” three times in the same session.

The real information gain here isn’t just knowing ClickandBuy is dead. It’s understanding that the search itself reveals a common player mistake: fixating on a specific tool instead of understanding the underlying need. Your need is secure, fast, discreet transactions. The tool to achieve that in 2026 is an e-wallet like PayPal or Skrill, or even a modern bank transfer service. The casino’s job is to support these tools seamlessly. Your job is to verify that support before you commit.

Casino VIP Program UK 2026: The Brutal Truth About Loyalty Schemes That Nobody Tells You

Think of it like this. You wouldn’t refuse to use a modern smartphone because your favourite flip phone was discontinued. You’d look for a new device that meets your needs—calls, texts, maybe a decent camera—and move on. The principle is identical. ClickandBuy was the flip phone. The e-wallets of today are the smartphones. They do more, they’re more secure, and they’re supported by the infrastructure that keeps the entire UK market stable.

The operators listed in our table have been chosen because they’ve invested in this modern infrastructure. They haven’t just bolted on a payment option; they’ve integrated it into their core user experience. The deposit is instant, the withdrawal is prompt, and the support for issues is competent. This isn’t a given. There are plenty of casinos where the e-wallet option is an afterthought, leading to delays and confusion when you try to cash out. Avoid those.

And a final, cynical reminder. When you see an operator advertising a “free” bonus or a “gift” of spins, remember the maths we discussed. Nothing is free. The cost is embedded in the wagering requirements, the game weighting, and the time limits. The casino is not your friend; it’s a business. A well-run, regulated business, but a business nonetheless. Your best defence is knowledge. Know the methods, know the terms, and know when to walk away. The house edge is patient. You should be too.

And the most mundane detail of all: the cookie consent banner pops up every. single. time. Even after you’ve clicked “accept all” three times in the same session.

casino app that accepts Apple Pay for deposits but forces you to log into a desktop site to initiate a withdrawal is not a mobile-first experience; it’s a mobile-first headache.

The live casino sector, in particular, demands seamless transactions. You’re in the middle of a blackjack hand or a spin of the wheel; the last thing you want is a payment hiccup. E-wallets excel here. A pre-funded Skrill or PayPal account means you can top up your balance instantly without leaving the live stream. The integration is key. The best mobile casinos have a cashier that’s as intuitive as the game lobby itself. Deposit limits, transaction history, and withdrawal requests should all be accessible without multiple clicks or page reloads.

But mobile also amplifies the need for security. Your phone is a personal device. Using an e-wallet adds a layer of separation between the casino and your primary bank account, which is sensible. Biometric login for the e-wallet app (fingerprint or face ID) then adds a second factor of authentication. It’s a more secure chain than typing card details into a potentially public Wi-Fi network. The convenience of mobile payments is only valuable if it doesn’t come at the expense of security.

The performance of the payment system is also part of the game’s integrity. A laggy deposit process that causes you to miss a live dealer round is a failure of the platform. The casinos that understand this have invested in lightweight, fast-loading cashier modules for their apps and mobile sites. They know that in the live environment, friction equals frustration, and frustrated players leave. The payment method isn’t just a utility; it’s part of the entertainment product.

Fast Withdrawals: Separating Fact from Marketing Fiction

Every casino claims to offer “fast withdrawals.” This phrase is almost meaningless without context. The speed is not determined by the casino’s desire to be nice; it’s a function of three things: their internal processing time, the verification requirements, and the payment method you choose. A casino that promises “instant withdrawals” is technically possible only if you’ve already completed all verification and are using an e-wallet like PayPal or Skrill, and even then, “instant” usually means within a few hours, not seconds.

The internal processing time is where many casinos add deliberate delay. A 24-48 hour “pending period” on withdrawal requests is common. During this time, the casino can reverse the withdrawal and encourage you to play the money back. It’s a psychological tactic. The UKGC has considered banning this practice, but for now, it remains. Casinos with a reputation for speed, like some on our list, have reduced or eliminated this pending period for verified accounts. That’s a significant operational choice that directly impacts player trust.

Verification is the other major hurdle. You will be asked for documents: a passport or driving licence, a utility bill or bank statement. Submit these proactively, as soon as you register. Don’t wait until you’ve won and want to cash out. The verification process can take 24-72 hours, and it will freeze any withdrawal request until complete. Using an e-wallet can sometimes help, as the casino may accept your verified e-wallet account as proof of identity for smaller amounts, but this is not guaranteed.

Then there’s the payment method itself. Bank transfers are the slowest, often taking 3-5 business days after the casino has released the funds. Debit cards are similar. E-wallets are consistently the fastest, with funds typically appearing in your account within 24 hours of the casino processing the payment. The difference is stark. If speed is your priority, your choice of payment method at the point of deposit is the most important decision you’ll make.

Safety and Security: Beyond the UKGC Logo

A UKGC licence is the foundation, but it’s not the entire building. You need to look at the security infrastructure the casino has in place. The first thing to check is SSL encryption. This is the padlock icon in your browser’s address bar. It means the connection between your device and the casino’s servers is encrypted. Any site without this is not just unsafe; it’s negligently so. In 2026, there’s no excuse.

Look for additional security certifications. Many reputable casinos will have their RNG (Random Number Generator) audited by independent testing agencies like eCOGRA or iTech Labs. These audits are public and verify that the games are fair and not rigged. The results are often published in the footer of the website. It’s a layer of transparency that goes beyond the basic licensing requirement.

Your own behaviour is part of the security chain. Use a strong, unique password for your casino account. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) if the casino offers it. Be wary of phishing emails that mimic casino communications. Never click a link in an email to log in; always go directly to the website or app. And never share your account details. The casino will never ask for your password via email or live chat.

Finally, consider the casino’s data policy. Under GDPR, you have rights over your personal data. A trustworthy casino will have a clear, accessible privacy policy explaining what data they collect, why, and how it’s used. They should also provide tools for you to manage your marketing preferences and self-exclude if needed. A casino that is opaque about its data practices is a casino that is likely opaque about other, more important things.

Responsible Gambling: The Only Strategy That Matters

All the analysis of payment methods, bonuses, and casino operators is secondary to one fundamental principle: gambling should be entertainment, not a financial strategy. The house always has a mathematical edge. Over time, the casino will win. Your goal is to manage your play so that the cost of that entertainment is within your budget. This isn’t a moral lecture; it’s a practical survival guide.

UKGC-licensed casinos are required to provide tools for responsible gambling. Use them. Set a deposit limit before you start playing. Stick to it. Set a loss limit. Set a session time limit. These tools are not there to spoil your fun; they are there to prevent a bad day from becoming a bad month. The most successful players are not the ones who win the most; they are the ones who lose the least and walk away when the fun stops.

Be honest with yourself. If you find yourself chasing losses, borrowing money to gamble, or hiding your activity from family, these are serious red flags. The casinos provide links to organisations like GamCare and BeGambleAware. Use them. Self-exclusion schemes like GAMSTOP allow you to block yourself from all UK-licensed gambling sites for a period of your choosing. It’s a powerful tool if you feel you’re losing control.

The irony of the gambling industry is that its long-term profitability depends on players who enjoy the experience responsibly and return for more entertainment. Problem gamblers are bad for business and terrible for lives. A casino that actively promotes responsible gambling and makes its tools easy to find and use is a casino that understands this. A casino that buries these tools in submenus is showing you its true priorities.

What is the best e-wallet for UK casino withdrawals in 2026?

PayPal and Skrill are generally the fastest and most widely accepted for withdrawals. PayPal often has the edge in user familiarity, while Skrill is sometimes preferred by casinos for its lower transaction fees. The “best” depends on which casinos you use and whether you value speed or convenience more. Always check the specific withdrawal options and times listed in the casino’s cashier before depositing.

Are winnings from online casinos taxable in the UK?

For recreational players, no. Gambling winnings are not considered taxable income in the UK. The tax is levied on the operator, not the player. However, if HMRC determines that you are a professional gambler whose primary income comes from gambling, the situation could be different. For the vast majority of players, what you win is yours to keep, free of tax.

How long does casino verification usually take?

If you submit clear, legible documents promptly, verification can be completed within 24 hours. Delays often occur because of blurry uploads, mismatched names, or expired documents. The process can stretch to 72 hours or more during busy periods. The best practice is to verify your account immediately after registration, long before you request your first withdrawal.

Casinos That Accept Visa UK 2026: A Veteran’s Guide to Deposits, Withdrawals, and Not Losing Your Mind

Can I reverse a casino withdrawal?

Many casinos allow you to reverse a pending withdrawal and return the funds to your playable balance. This is a feature designed to encourage further play. The UKGC has been scrutinising this practice. Some casinos now have a mandatory “cooling-off” period where reversal is not possible. If you are serious about cashing out, check the casino’s policy and avoid the temptation to cancel the request.

What is a wagering requirement?

It’s a multiplier that dictates how many times you must bet a bonus amount (and sometimes the deposit amount) before you can withdraw any associated winnings. For example, a £100 bonus with a 35x wagering requirement means you must place £3,500 in bets. The requirement is designed to ensure the casino gives itself a chance to win back the bonus before you can cash out. It’s the single most important term in any bonus offer.

The Methodology Behind the Rankings

The list of operators provided earlier wasn’t assembled by throwing darts at a board of logos. It’s based on a consistent set of criteria applied to the UK market. First and foremost is the UKGC licence. Without it, an operator isn’t in the running. Second is the integration and performance of the e-wallet cashier. We look at which wallets are supported, the ease of the deposit process, and, most critically, the actual speed of withdrawals to those wallets based on reported player experiences and stated terms.

The third factor is the overall product. A casino might have a flawless payment system, but if its game library is poor or its customer support is unresponsive, it’s not a top recommendation. We consider the quality and variety of games, the usability of the platform on both desktop and mobile, and the transparency of its terms and conditions. The ranking reflects a balance of these factors, not just one standout feature.

It’s also important to note that this ranking is a snapshot. The market changes. Operators are acquired, management changes, and terms can be updated. A casino that was excellent six months ago might have degraded. This is why continuous monitoring is part of the process. The list is a starting point for your own research, not a final, immutable decree. Your personal experience and priorities might lead you to a different choice within this tier of operators.

Finally, we explicitly avoid operators that are not on the provided list. The temptation to invent a “Casino X” to fill a perceived gap is strong, but it’s a disservice. The market is crowded, but our task is to provide a clear, trustworthy guide based on verifiable entities. The absence of a name is as informative as its presence.

The Future of Casino Payments: What’s Next?

The evolution from ClickandBuy to today’s e-wallets was driven by speed and mobile integration. The next wave is already visible. Open Banking, regulated by the UK’s Payment Systems Regulator, allows you to make payments directly from your bank account via a third-party provider, with your explicit consent. It’s potentially faster and cheaper than card networks and doesn’t require a separate e-wallet balance. Some casinos are beginning to integrate it.

Cryptocurrency remains a curiosity in the UK market. Due to regulatory uncertainty and the UKGC’s cautious stance, very few licensed casinos accept Bitcoin or other cryptos directly. The volatility of the assets and the additional layer of complexity for AML compliance make it a niche option at best. For the foreseeable future, regulated fiat currency methods will dominate.

Biometric and behavioural authentication will become more prevalent. Using your phone’s fingerprint or face ID to confirm a transaction is already common. Future systems might analyse typing patterns or device usage to add silent, continuous security layers. The goal is to reduce friction for the legitimate user while making fraud exponentially harder.

The constant thread is regulation. Any new payment method must fit within the UKGC’s framework for player protection and anti-money laundering. Innovation will be shaped by compliance. The casinos that thrive will be those that can integrate new, seamless technologies while maintaining the rigorous standards required to keep their licence. The player benefits from this tension between innovation and regulation, getting ever-safer and more convenient options.

And the most mundane detail of all: the cookie consent banner pops up every. single. time. Even after you’ve clicked “accept all” three times in the same session.